Societal diversity and its impact on the state-building process ( Iraq as a model)

Abstract

The state is an institution established to achieve societal goals and objectives، and for that it needs a sound institutional building and the element of legitimacy that is necessary for the construction process to be able to impose order and provide a better life for its members، and since the phenomenon of social diversity is one of the phenomena inherent to human societies، which made people feel difference among themselves And among other groups، and societal components may express themselves through their affiliations to their own cultural identity، such as customs، rituals، or ethnic groupings. The main problem in the process of building a state with societal diversity lies in the impact of this variable on the strength and legitimacy of the state. Therefore، the important question is: How can the process of building a weak state with societal diversity be decided upon? Based on this، we have discussed the necessary elements for the process of building the state، which we believe are important to activate in order to contribute to increasing the strength of the state. We believe that these elements are summarized in institutionalization، political stability، and citizenship.، trust. And the mechanisms by which the state-building process can be decided upon should therefore be able to provide and activate these elements within the framework of the state to increase the strength of the state and its ability to achieve its goals and the objectives of its societal components.